Carolyn Rodgers inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall of Fame

Carolyn M. RodgersThis past Friday, the last day of November 2012, Carolyn Rodgers (1945-2010) was inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall of Fame.  With her in this third class of inductees: James T. Farrell, Langston Hughes, Jane Addams, Sherwood Anderson, and Ernest Hemingway.  Though perhaps the least well known of this group, she deserves this company.  The program book quotes her as saying, “I put the poem on paper by sense and touch, much like a blind person fumbling in the dark for light.”

This post serves as a brief summary of her career and genuis, and a catalog for several pieces celebrating her that are, or will be, on this website.  (See below.)

Carolyn Rodgers was one of the great American poets to emerge from Chicago in the 1960’s, playing a major role in Chicago’s vibrant Organization of Black American Culture community (OBAC), and in 1967 helping Haki Madhubuti and Johari Amini found one of Chicago’s most important cultural institutions, the Third World Press.

She is one of my favorite poets of all times and places, and I count it one of my life’s great fortunes to have been her friend. I included her work in both my Black Writing from Chicago and in Smokestacks and Skyscrapers, an anthology of Chicago writing I edited with David Starkey.

> The pieces featuring Carolyn on this site are:

—Links will go live when material becomes available—

After receiving her B.A. from Roosevelt University and her M.A. from the University of Chicago, Carolyn Rodgers taught at several Chicago colleges. She mentored 100’s of young people. And she wrote. She authored a novel and many short stories, and her poetry has been collected in over a dozen books and broadsides, including Paper Soul (1968), how I got ovah (1975)—for which she received a National Book Award nomination—The Heart as Evergreen (1978), and Finite Forms (1985).  In 1970 Rodgers received the Society of Midland Authors Poet Laureate award. Two remarkable chapbooks, We’re Only Human (1996), and A Train Called Judah (1998), contain some of the best poetry of her life and deserve as much recognition as any of her other work.  From the beginning Rodgers achieved a unique fusion of what critic Bettye J. Parker-Smith called a “rough hewn, folk spirited” ethos with a deep concern for racial, spiritual, feminist, and gender issues.  The poems from these last two chapbooks retain this fusion but also go beyond it, moving with great ease and sophistication along an international set of issues and geographies.  They help us understand and feel more deeply both the large horrors and small redeeming virtues that issue from our humanity.

Rodgers celebrated black community and explored its tensions and social crises. An extraordinary combination of lyricism, sensuality, and street-wise swagger mark her poems on love, and her knack for expressing the intricacies and paradoxes of human love, man-woman love, extends towards religious love.  She was profoundly spiritual.  She strove—as she wrote in her poem “how i got ovah II/It Is Deep II”—“to understand the mysteries / of mystical life the ‘intellectual’ / purity if mystical light.”  In her best later work, she arrives at a profound sense that revolutionary concerns—often the subject of her earliest poems—must join with a deep commitment to family, religion, and God to create a resilient inner life.

In my piece “Activism and Inwardness” (see the link above), I explore the connection of inner life and outward action so prevalent in Carolyn’s life and work.  One of my favorite poems is “Prodigal Objects.”  (Go to the link above to hear her read it.)

when i lose something,
i am all out in the streets
looking for it.
it doesn’t matter if I lost it at home,
or school, or at church.
i think maybe I’ll see it
way cross town in impossible places.
department stores, restrooms, hospital
lobbys, telephone booths.

earrings, loves, books, buttons,
notebooks, pens,

i’m looking for them all.
say, maybe i lost whatever it is
in California, and here I am in Chicago,
2000 miles away, looking for it.
or maybe i lost it in Africa and one
day I get a certain feeling and I’m
in Chicago and i know i lost it, say
400 years ago in Africa,
but on this particular day, I just know
i’m going to find it in Chicaqo.

it doesn’t matter what it is.

no, it really doesn’t matter what it is,
or where I lost it either
what matters is the feeling of finding
(there is a law of finding),
what matters is finding on lost days.

and I’m finding that some days
what matters as much, is being found.

This feeling of being found helps us find the courage to remain revolutionary—to keep fumbling for light—in the midst of struggles we never suspected would last so long.

 

 Go to a list of Black Writers, or Chicago Writers written about on this site, OR the Teaching Diversity main page.

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Gwendolyn Brooks

Gwendolyn BrooksBorn in Topeka, Kansas, in 1917, Gwendolyn Brooks moved to Chicago as a youngster—and stayed. At the time of her death in November 2000, she was one of the most celebrated poets in American history: the recipient of more than fifty honorary doctorates and the Lifetime Achievement Award of the National Endowment for Arts, Illinois’ poet laureate, an inductee into the National Women’s Hall of Fame, a professor at Chicago State University. From her stunning debut collection A Street in Bronzeville (1945), through Annie Allen (1950, for which she became the first black to win the Pulitzer Prize), and in nearly twenty other volumes of poetry, she maintained an astonishing ability for finding the perfect subject and language to explore, critique, and celebrate Black life and American life in general.

When I put together my book Black Writing from Chicago, I selected, besides excerpts from Maud Martha (see below), the second and third of a three-part poem sequence she called “Young Heroes.” A reviewer said these were not typical choices. However, for all her accomplishments and honors, she was perhaps as legendary—and certainly most beloved in her community—for helping young people, and one of these poems (“To Don at Salaam”) was for a young Don L. Lee, who would become Haki L. Madhubuti, a legendary force in his own right. The poem begins:

I like to see you lean back in your chair
so far you have to fall but do not—
your arms back, your fine hands
in your print pockets.

Beautiful. Impudent.
Ready for life.
A tied storm.

Honoring Genius: Gwendolyn Brooks, edited by Haki MadhubutiI count it great fortune that I know not only Haki, but was also blessed—the only word for it—to meet Ms. Brooks several times, first as a young professor. “I want to give you something,” she said on that first meeting, and handed me what I thought was an empty notebook, perhaps something to encourage me to write. But, no, it was a copy of one of her latest books, Children on the Way to School, its cover and size made up to look like one of those classic theme books. It did encourage me to write, as she herself encouraged me on our occasional meetings here and there. Later, after we had not seen each other for some years, my oldest son Rick picked her up to come speak again at North Central College where he was now a student. “Rick Guzman,” she said, “Please be sure to say Hello to your father for me.” A double blessing to be remembered.

Brooks also wrote children’s books, an autobiography (Report from Part One, 1972), other non-fiction, and the novel Maud Martha (1953) which follows Maud Martha’s life in short, pungent, and highly lyrical passages from her youth through her brother Harry’s return from the war. In between she sorts out what she wants to be “on the inside,” starts a home, observes neighbors, spares a pesky mouse, has children, works as a maid, and goes to a movie house where she and her husband are the only Black people there. Her marriage to Paul Phillips is central. She accepts his kindness, endures his often misguided ambitions to climb in society, and suffers torments about the entwining of love, attraction and race. In Chapter 13, “low yellow,” she says to herself just before he proposes: “I know what he is thinking…That I am really all right. That I will do…But I am certainly not what he would call pretty.” In Chapter 19, “if you’re light and have long hair,” they are invited to the Foxy Cats Ball, probably a prelude to Paul being invited to join the Foxy Cats Club, “the club of clubs,” though Maud Martha notes that its main business seems to be just “being ‘hep’.” Mixing with the glittering but shallow guests, watching Paul dance with the glamorous Maella, she says: “…it’s my color that makes him mad. I try to shut my eyes to that, but it’s no good. What I am inside, what is really me, he likes okay. But he keeps looking at my color, which is like a wall. He has to jump over it in order to meet and touch what I’ve got for him.” To be cherished, to be loved is “the dearest wish of the heart of Maud Martha Brown.” “It oughta be that simple…It oughta be that easy,” she says at the ball. But of course it’s not that simple. It’s just possible—if you yourself endure, and love, and decide you will be joyous on the inside. Love, endurance, joy—besides her great writing, Gwendolyn Brooks left these abiding gifts for us.

 Go to a list of Black Writers written about on this site, OR the Teaching Diversity main page.

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Meeting Frank Capra: A Holiday Tale

Ending scene from It's a Wonderful LifeOf the holidays, Thanksgiving seems to get more lost each year, trapped as it is between two spending juggernauts, Halloween and Christmas.  These two also duke it out decoration-wise, so that pumpkins and goblins often find themselves wreathed and hollied under twinkling lights even before the last trick-or-treaters are off the streets.  It doesn’t seem right, but—Thanksgiving having been yesterday—it now actually feels ok to begin indulging the Christmas spirit.  It doesn’t feel ok, however, to kick off this indulgence with Black Friday, a madness that seems to have dealt Thanksgiving a final, mortal blow. Could the supposed “real meaning” of Christmas—on the ropes for quite a while itself—be next?  For the present, Christmas seems a little less buried under  the avalanche of materialism than poor Thanksgiving does.  The church’s fight to keep us thankful has paled mightily, partly because their stance on materialism has also paled, but it obviously has more shareholder’s stake in Christmas, and more allies.  The Rockettes’ Christmas shows, for one, but also the movies.  A Christmas Story, Miracle on 34th Street, various versions of Scrooges and Grinches and Rudolphs—perhaps these do as much as churches these days (sad to say) at keeping Christmas “real.”  Of course, there’s also legendary director Frank Capra’s holiday classic It’s A Wonderful Life.  For me it has special meaning not only because of the season, but because of this: my holiday story that always shadows my own poor efforts to keep Christmas from going the way of Thanksgiving.

One day when I was a graduate student in Charlottesville, Virginia, I saw a fellow grad student, Greg, approaching with an older gentleman.  Greg and I knew each other only casually, and even now I’m not quite sure of his last name, though I’m sure it began with a “T.”  I also knew his passion was film.  “Richard,” he said too jovially, as if we were bosom buddies, “this is Frank Capra.  I have to run a 10-minute errand. Could you keep him company?” And with that he handed me a poster, and I walked into an office and sat down with Frank Capra.

I had no idea who he was.

I glanced at the poster, a nice black and white job.  “CAPRA” it said, and below that a picture of the man I now sat across from, and below that names of films: It Happened One Night, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, It’s A Wonderful Life….  I hadn’t seen a single one.  I’d never even heard of a single one, a fact that astonishes me now.  Not only do I use a lot of film in my classes, but have started a film festival and helped start and now advise my college’s student film club, Celluloid.  Back then, in the mid-70’s, I hardly knew what “celluloid” was, but that was the least of my problems at that moment.

Frank CapraWhat to say to an evidently famous person you know absolutely nothing about?  It was worse than when I met Oprah years later.  Though I’d never seen her show—at least no more than minutes of a few of them—I remember seeing her name on tabloid covers I’d scan waiting in line at the grocery, tabloids which seem inordinately fixated on her weight: “Oprah loses 40,” “Oprah gains 40.” But this is another story for another day, one I remember vividly.*

I remember nothing of how I passed those eternal 10 minutes with Frank Capra.  Evidently, I asked him how he liked being at the university, and also would he sign my poster because  I have it to this day, signed “For Richard Guzman, With fond memories of Virginia U — Frank Capra.”  Just as evident, I did not convey the right university name to him.  This was the university founded and designed by Thomas Jefferson: the University of Virginia, Mr. Jefferson’s university—it was always Mr. Jefferson this, Mr. Jefferson that—but never “Virginia U.”  Years later, I still find comfort in his misnaming, as if Capra’s tiny faux pas somehow managed to balance out my colossal ignorance.

CapraThat night I made sure I was at the screening of Capra’s movie Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, and I like to remember that when he saw me enter the auditorium he motioned me to sit right in back of him.  At one point, Jimmy Stewart leans over the female lead and says, “For a woman, you’ve done all right for yourself.”  Hisses filled the room.  And afterwards someone asked, “Mr. Capra, who made up the phrase Capra-corn?”  “Oh, some son-of-a-bitch!” he retorted, and the room went up for grabs.

This morning the business section of my Thanksgiving Chicago Tribune carried headlines like “Black Friday blurring the days: Retailers are pushing Black Friday back, hour by hour, into Thanksgiving…,” and “Black Thursday here to stay: Stores like Thanksgiving hours, as does Wall Street.”  And last night a Hyundai TV ad, showing a November calendar with every day blacked in, proclaimed, “Every day in November is Black Friday!”  In the face of this and so much more, I say break out all the Norman Rockwells we can find and bring on all the corn—Capra and otherwise.  In the last scene of It’s A Wonderful Life Mary Bailey (Donna Reed) poses George (Jimmy Stewart), herself and the kids prettily in front of their Christmas tree to witness their Christmas miracle: seemingly everyone in town turning out to dump coins and bills into a huge basket placed prettily in front of the family.  Even the bank examiner, who’s been investigating a significant short fall in the Bailey Building and Loan’s books, throws in some cash, prompting a policeman to tear up and throw in an order for Bailey’s arrest.  It could be seen as a vision of community triumphing over corporate power.  Yeah, Right, we’re tempted to think more and more cynically these days, especially now that our Supreme Court has granted corporations rights as if they were persons.  But that wild scene of community triumphant—corny as it might be to some sons-a-bitches—is a much healthier thing to hold on to, especially if we think it might be nice to keep at least a few things holy during this holiday season.

____________________

* Read the Oprah story (which is really about Maya Angelou!).

** Go Here for a list of movie reviews, which includes a “review” of sorts of Capra’s classic It’s A Wonderful Life.

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